Turbine.



PATENTED AUG. 29,'1905.

H. w. PISKE.

- TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED AYE. 5, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1. v

Attorneys No. 798,577. PATENTBD AUG. 29, 1905.

H. w. FISKE.

TURBINE.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

-n mm I r fl Attorneys UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 29, 1905.

Application filed April 5, 1905. Serial N0, 253,974.

To (tZZ whom it may concern; 1

Be it known that I, HOMER W. FIs KE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milan, in the county of Erie and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Turbine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to rotary engines, and has for its principal object to provide a simple form of engine of the turbine type wherein both the impact andthe expansive force of steam or other fluid under pressure may be utilized for power.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel form of piston and pistonbuckets of such nature that the steam after acting thereon by imp act may be further utilized before its final escape; and in this connection a further object is to provide exhaust-ports of such construction that the steam before escaping is compelled to act upon the buckets by expansion. 1

A still further object of the invention is to provide a novel form of rotary engine in which a continuous annular steam-chest is arranged around the piston and is provided with a plurality of equidistantly-spaced steam-inlet ports or passages, so that the pressure of steam may be uniform throughout the whole of the chest.

A still further object of the invention is to balance the engine and provide against back pressure by permitting free escape of the exhaust-steam.

With these and other objects in view, as will more fully hereinafter appear, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportions, size, and minor details ofthe structure may be made without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is v a transverse sectional view of an engine constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the engine. Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view illustrating the construction of the steam-pockets of the piston and the exhaustpockets. Fig. 5 is a detail view looking from the inner face bushing 15, and between the bushing and the body of the cylinder is a continuous annular space 16, formed by cutting a groove in the inner wall of the cylinder, and with this annular steam chest communicate .a

number of steam-inlet pipes 17, three equidistantly spaced pipes being shown in the present instance and these serving to maintain a uniform pressure throughout the whole of the steam-chest. The number of pipes may, however, be increased or diminished in accordance with the size of the engine; but in all cases the number should be sufficient to keep the pressure practically the same at all points. This bushing is provided with a large number of steam-ports 19, which serve to direct steam against the periphery of the revoluble piston member 20, the latter being movably secured to the shaft 12. In the periphery of the disk are formed a large number of pockets or buckets 21, these being disposed in pairs and wholly separated from each other by a partition 22. One wall 23 of each bucket extends on a radial line from the center of the shaft 12, while the opposite wall thereof is curved, the pocket being preferably formed from a'solid disk of metal by a milling-cutter or similar tool. The curved walls of the pocket are of the peculiar shape best shown in the detail perspective view Fig. 4. When viewed in p1anthat is to say, looking at the periphery of the pistondisk-the curved wall of the pocket extends through a ninety-degree are struck from the un cture of the outer end of the straight wall 23 and the periphery of the disk, and the curvature viewed in elevation is on the same are struck from the same point, so that the jets of steam passing through the ports 19 will afterstriking with the periphery of the disk and a second wall 2S'at an acute angle thereto. The outlet ends of the. ports are of the rhomboid or lozenge form, and the four walls gradually converge from the discharge end toward the contracted opening 30, through which the steam passes from the chest, so that the crossseetional area of the port gradually increases from the inlet to the outlet end, affording some opportunity for the steam to expand, so that the volume will equal the volume of one pair of pockets and the impact will occur over practically the whole of the curved surfaces of such pair of pockets, and in expanding the pressure of the steam, as well as the impact force, will be utilized to the best advantage.

In each of the cylinder-heads 11 is formed an annular escape-channel 30, from which lead three or more exhaust-pipes 31, the number of pipes being sufficient and of such diameter as to convey the steam away without causing back pressure. Between each cylinder-head and the adjacent vertical-face of the piston is rigidly secured a ring 31, and within said ring is a second exhaust-ring 32, also rigidly secured in place, and while said rings may be integral it is preferred to make them separately for convenience in forming the exhaust-passages 33 and 34, which are cut by milling or similar tools. The pockets or ports 33 and 34 are practically of the same shape and size as the pockets of the piston, but they are arranged in a direction the reverse of the piston-pockets, so that in operation the curved wall of a piston-pocket will be opposite to each of the curved walls of the escape-passage 33 as the piston rotates, and

"if the piston-pocket is filled with steam it has an opportunity to expand into the pocket 33, and the reaction gives additional impulse to the piston and assists in rotating the same. The ribs 35, that separate the two pockets 33 and 34, are slightly cut away and form comparativelycontracted escape-ports 36, so that there will be a tendency to retard the escape of steam at this point, and each of the pockets 33 will be more or less filled with the acting fluid, and in receiving large volumes of steam from the passing pockets on the piston-disk the expansive force may be utilized to better advantage than if the escape-ports were of such nature as to permit of the free and uninterrupted passage of the fluid. The steam passes from the pockets 34 into the annular escape-passages 30 and from thence is conveyed away by the exhaust-pipes.

It is found in practice that an engine of this character may be driven at a very high rate of speed without any vibration, and as there is no limit to the diameter of the piston and the area of the piston-pockets the engine may be employed for driving machinery of any character.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. A turbine-disk having a plurality of pe ripheral pockets, the impact-walls of which are arranged on curved lines leading toward the sides of the disk, and stationary members having pockets provided with curved walls that coact with the similar walls of the diskpockets to form expansion-chambers, and contracted exhaust-passages leading from the pockets of said stationary members.

2. In combination, a turbine-disk having peripherally-disposed twin pockets, the impact-walls of which are arranged on curved lines leading, respectively, in opposite directions from the center portion of the disk to the opposite sides thereof, and stationary members having contracted exhaust-passages also provided with curved walls arranged in opposition to those of the escapes, and forming in connection therewith expansion-chambers for the operating fluid.

3. The combination with a turbine-disk having peripheral pockets leading from the central portion to the opposite sides of the disk, and stationary members arranged one on each side of the disk and provided with exhaust-passages, the cross-sectional areas of which are gradually reduced from the inlet end.

4. In a rotary engine, a cylinder having an annular groove forming a continuous steamchest, a bushing arranged within the cylinder and provided with a plurality of ports leading from the steam-chest to the inner face of said bushing, each port being of gradually-increasing cross-sectional area from the outer to the inner face of the bushing, and at the latter point being substantially rhomboid in contour, and a turbine-disk fitting within the bushing and provided with twin pockets spaced from each other by a central rib and leading fromthe rib outward to the opposite sides of the disk.

5. The combination in a rotary engine, of a cylinder comprising a body portion having an annular groove forming a steam-chest, a plurality of steam-inlets leading thereto, cylinder-heads each provided with an annular steam-escape passage, exhaust-pipes connectedthereto, a ported bushing disposed within the cylinder and forming the inner wall of the steamchest, a shaft extending stationary rings secured Within the cylinder my own I have hereto aflixed my signature on opposite sides of the disk and provided in the presence of two Witnesses. With ports or passages for the escape of the Y HOMER W FISKE steam, the Walls of said ports or passages co- 5 acting with the pockets of the turbine-disk to Witnesses:

form expansion-chambers. F. ALBERT WALKER,

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as EVERTON GEORGE RUGGLEs. 

